Password Managers
Understand what actually matters before you choose.
Pick your situation
What are you looking for?
I need a password manager
Where to start — free vs. paid, open source vs. closed
I got a breach notification
What to do, what to change, in what order
Most secure option available
KDF, cipher, jurisdiction, open source — the real criteria
Password manager for the family
Shared vaults, emergency access, non-technical members
Free option that actually works
What free really gives you — and what it doesn't
I don't want my manager tracking me
Metadata encryption, jurisdiction, verifiable architecture
Popular picks
Bitwarden
Open source, unlimited free tier, self-hostable
Proton Pass
URL metadata encrypted, Swiss jurisdiction, free tier
Keeper
FedRAMP authorised, best emergency access, enterprise-grade
Dashlane
Best autofill reliability, dark web monitoring bundled
Start with understanding
The LastPass 2022 breach explained
Breach
What was actually taken, what was encrypted, and what the URL metadata exposure means.
The limits of zero-knowledge
Concept
What zero-knowledge actually protects — and the metadata gap most marketing ignores.
Does your password manager trust you?
Trust
Free tier restrictions, vault exports, self-hosting — signals of who the product is really for.
PBKDF2 vs. Argon2
Crypto
Why the KDF matters more than the cipher — and how iteration counts affect stolen vault risk.
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